Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

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Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is caused by the abnormal backflow (reflux) of food, stomach acid, and other digestive juices into the esophagus, which is the tube that connects the mouth to the stomach. This backflow occurs when the valve between the stomach and the lower end of the esophagus does not close tightly enough or relaxes at the wrong times.

The main symptom of GERD is heartburn. In GERD, the reflux (and heartburn) lasts longer and occurs more often than ordinary heartburn. Over time, acid reflux may cause irritation and inflammation of the esophagus (esophagitis), sores (ulcers) in the esophagus, and narrowing of the esophagus (stricture).

Home treatment with antacids and nonprescription acid-reducing medications can often ease the symptoms of mild GERD and may help prevent it in some situations. Some people find it helpful to eat small, frequent meals and avoid food for at least 2 hours before lying down. Smoking and foods that aggravate heartburn should be avoided.

Prescription medications may be needed for more severe or frequent symptoms.

Credits

Author	Jeannette Curtis
Author	Caroline Rea, RN, BS, MS
Editor	Kathleen M. Ariss, MS
Editor	Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA
Associate Editor	Tracy Landauer
Associate Editor	Pat Truman
Primary Medical Reviewer	Patrice Burgess, MD - Family Medicine
Primary Medical Reviewer	Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine
Primary Medical Reviewer	Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine
Last Updated	May 25, 2007

Last updated:	May 25, 2007
Author:	Caroline Rea, RN, BS, MS
Reviewed By:	Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine
Editors:	Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA, Pat Truman

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