Puncture sites for health reasons

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Puncture sites for health reasons

Blood draw puncture site

The puncture wound caused by a needle stick for a blood sample or to donate blood usually heals without difficulty. It is not unusual to develop a bruise at the puncture site. Most puncture wounds for blood draws do not need further care.

Intravenous (IV) line puncture site

If you need intravenous fluids or medication directly into the vein, a needle attached to an intravenous (IV) catheter is inserted into the vein. There may be a slight amount of redness and swelling at the puncture site. The vein may become irritated. This irritation is called superficial phlebitis. After a vein is irritated, it may feel hard or stiff for up to 7 days. This is not a symptom of infection. Removing the catheter when the vein becomes irritated usually relieves the symptoms. IV sites usually heal without any problems and do not need further care.

Care for a puncture site

An adhesive bandage is placed over the puncture site after the procedure.

The best way to prevent bruising is to apply firm, steady pressure on the site for 3 to 5 minutes after the catheter or needle is removed. When blood is drawn from an artery, pressure is applied for a longer period than for a needle stick. If bruising occurs at a puncture site:

• Use a cold pack for comfort. You can use the cold pack for 10 to 15 minutes every 3 to 4 hours as desired. Be sure to place a layer of fabric between your skin and the cold pack.
• Use warmth, such as a heating pad, after 48 hours, to help relieve the pain and promote healing.

Report your symptoms to your health professional if the symptoms have not improved after 48 hours of home treatment.

Credits

Last updated:	June 30, 2006
Author:	Sydney Youngerman-Cole, RN, BSN, RNC
Reviewed By:	William M. Green, MD - Emergency Medicine, H. Michael O'Connor, MD - Emergency Medicine
Editors:	Susan Van Houten, RN, BSN, MBA, Tracy Landauer